Census figures recently released by the Australian government show
that over a quarter of Australians were born outside Australia.
The
Australian government has carried out a census every 10 years since
1911. The most recent was conducted in 2011. Analysis shows that 26%, or
5.3m Australians, are immigrants and a further 20% have at least one
parent who was born overseas.
The analysis also shows that an
increasing number of new Australians come not from Europe, the
traditional origin of most Australian immigrants, but from Asia, in
particular from China and India.
The census found that there are
5.3m first generation Australians living in Australia. 82% of these live
in state capital cities. The populations of Perth (Western Australia),
Sydney (New South Wales) and Melbourne (Victoria) had the highest
proportion of immigrants whereas Hobart, the capital of Tasmania had the
lowest with only 14% of the population made up of people born outside
Australia.
The survey finds that most first generation Australians
come from the UK. 1.1m people who were born in the UK now live as
Australians in Australia. They comprise 20.8% of new Australians. New
Zealand provides the second most new Australians. There are 483,400 New
Zealanders who have emigrated to Australia. However, the survey shows
that there is a trend towards greater immigration from Asia.
295,400
people born in India have immigrated to Australia. There are also
319,000 Chinese born new Australians. There are also many immigrants
from Vietnam, the Philippines and Malaysia. India is the most common
birthplace of migrants who have arrived in Australia since 2007.
The
census also asked respondents to state their ancestry. Many regard
themselves as having ancestry in the UK. 36.1% of the Australian
population identify themselves as English by ancestry which is greater
than the 35.4% who regard themselves as 'Australian'. 10.4% think of
themselves as Irish and 8.9% as Scottish.
There are also 4.3% who identify themselves as Chinese and 2% who said they are of Indian descent.
The
survey also showed other trends. 7.2% of the Australian population are
now of non-Christian cultures. 2.2% of the general population are
Muslims and 1.3% are Hindus. Hinduism is the fastest growing religion in
the country.
Mandarin, Cantonese, Hindi, Punjabi and Korean are now amongst the languages most spoken at home by new immigrants in Australia.
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